Gated
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Gated Communities:
A practical understanding
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Gated
communities are growing in popularity for home buyers.
Originally centered around retirement communities, these
communities now range in size from small (fewer than 100
homes) to large (greater than 1,000 homes) with or
without additional amenities within the gates.
Generally, this type of community is
built encircled by a closed perimeter of walls and
fences, with controlled access for ingress and egress by
way of gates and/or gate attendants.
In reality, a gated community is any
residential area which physically restricts the entrance
of nonresidents or vehicles. The gated community is not
so different from condos with doormen or suburbs that
use distance as a barrier.
Popularity of home buying inside a gated
community
The overwhelming reason that home buyers purchase
in a gated community is a sense of security. Walled
and gated entrances provide privacy, peace of mind,
and establish a pride of ownership. This pride often
results in increasing home values for the
individual's property.
With a gated community, there will be a reduction
in “through” traffic since access is limited to a
select group.
Home buyers express a desire for exclusivity.
Because of this increased demand, builders are
designing more gated communities, thus the growth in
availability of this housing lifestyle.
Gated
communities usually develop and implement strict design
restrictions and require adherence to rules and
regulations, which makes them a popular choice for
home buyers.
There
are often shared values and
similar economic levels amongst the homeowners
within a gated community that encourage people to
stay rooted in their homes for longer periods.
A desire for a lifestyle and
amenities that local governments cannot produce or
sustain leads to migration into a gated community
with recreational activities, golf courses, and
social interaction.
Gated communities utilize
privatization of services (trash, snow removal,
security forces, street cleaning), thus allowing the
members of the association to customize services to
meet their needs and desires.
A general unhappiness with public
sector services contributes to the willingness of
homeowners to pay privately for similar services,
and in some cases, the residents of gated
communities have been known to incorporate as a
separate municipality or other legal subdivision.
Drawbacks of
a gated community Expenses:
While millions enjoy the benefits of a gated
community, additional expenses related to operating a
gated community are part of the budget and must be paid
for by a homeowner association's members. Gate equipment
requires regular repairs and maintenance. Vehicular
damage can result from impatient homeowners intent on
opening the gate at a faster rate than the gates are
designed to operate. If police or fire officials need
access to the community, and do not have proper access
codes, they have been known to damage a gate to enter
the community. With a gate attendant, community costs
will be incurred for 24/7 manned operations. Cameras and
other high-tech equipment involved in monitoring
vehicles can be costly to maintain and upgrade.
Landscaping features designed for an upscale entryway
will add to the cost of annual upkeep of the community.
Security:
Many homeowners believe that “gated” means
“security”. However, their expectations are not
necessarily realistic. The reality is that gated means
“controlling vehicular access”. But even then, entry by
unauthorized persons is possible when drivers tailgate
one another.
Private
Roads: Homeowners with a home-based business
may be in for a surprise if their business results in
increased vehicle and truck traffic. In cases of
privately owned streets, an association can object to
allowing vehicles into the community if the vehicles are
entering on a frequent basis for delivery and/or pickup
to a home-based business. Additionally, private roads
are not patrolled by local police for traffic
enforcement. Only residents of gated communities have
access to these roads and the association regulates
traffic control of its privately owned streets - -
often, with only limited success.
What's in the
future for gated communities? One issue of debate
is how gated access can sometimes block public access to
beaches, trails, or nature preserves. Some question
whether or not public monies should be used to protect
private property where public access is limited or
prohibited. There is also the tax equity issue.
Residents of gated communities pay both local property
taxes and homeowner association fees alike. Some such
communities consider this double taxation and are
beginning to raise questions as to equity and how they
might receive rebates on the cost of the public works
and public safety services they provide for themselves,
rather than receiving from the taxing authority.